据新华社，美国总统特朗普20日在白宫签署一项行政令，要求教育部长琳达·麦克马洪采取一切必要措施推动教育部的关闭，将教育管理权归还各州。
US President Donald Trump on Thursday signed an executive order to formally begin the process of dismantling the Education Department, saying that his administration is returning education back to the states.
当地时间2025年3月20日下午，美国华盛顿特区，美国总统特朗普签署行政令，要求精简教育部并推动教育部的关闭 图源：CFP
特朗普当天在白宫发表讲话说，除核心的必要功能，政府将“采取一切合法手段关闭教育部”，并将“尽快关闭它”。
Beyond the "core necessities, my administration will take all lawful steps to shut down the department," Trump said in a speech at the White House. "We're going to shut it down and shut it down as quickly as possible," Trump said.
同时，针对低收入、残疾和特殊需求学生的项目将得到“完全保留”，并将被“重新分配到其他机构和部门”。他还对教育部近日的裁员行动表示赞赏，称教育部已成功削减约50%员工。
The US president noted that the department's functions such as Pell Grants, Title I, and funding resources for children with disabilities and special needs, will be "fully preserved" and be "redistributed to various other agencies and departments."
3月20日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿白宫签署行政令前讲话 图源：新华社
根据美国宪法，所有联邦机构的设立和解散通常需要通过立法程序获得国会批准。特朗普若要关闭教育部，必须通过国会立法程序。
在特朗普签署行政令后，美国国会亚太裔美国人党团主席孟昭文和教育特别工作组主席马克·高野发表联合声明说，这是一个“非法决定”，国会在面对这一命令时“绝不能放弃权力”。
此前，美国教育部已启动大规模裁员。美国媒体11日报道，美国教育部当晚起实施大规模裁员计划，预计裁减4000名员工中的约1300人。
The Education Department previously initiated a large-scale layoff. According to earlier US media reports, the department, which originally had 4,000 employees, would cut nearly half of its workforce. Trump said Thursday that the "reduction in force" was successful. "We've cut the number of bureaucrats in half, 50 percent," he said.
来源：新华社
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